@article {944, title = {Evaluation of the Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown in the Clinical Course of Migraine}, journal = {Pain Medicine}, volume = {22}, year = {2021}, month = {2021}, pages = {2079-2091}, abstract = {

Objective: Previous studies have demonstrated that emotional stress, changes in lifestyle habits and infections can worsen the clinical course of migraine. We hypothesize that changes in habits and medical care during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown might have worsened the clinical course of migraine.

Design: Retrospective survey study collecting online responses from migraine patients followed-up by neurologists at three tertiary hospitals between June and July 2020.

Methods: We used a web-based survey that included demographic data, clinical variables related with any headache (frequency) and migraine (subjective worsening, frequency, and intensity), lockdown, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress.

Results: The response rate of the survey was 239/324 (73.8\%). The final analysis included 222 subjects. Among them, 201/222 (90.5\%) were women, aged 42.5 +- 12.0 (mean+-SD). Subjective improvement of migraine during lockdown was reported in 31/222 participants (14.0\%), while worsening in 105/222 (47.3\%) and was associated with changes in migraine triggers such as stress related to going outdoors and intake of specific foods or drinks. Intensity of attacks increased in 67/222 patients (30.2\%), and it was associated with the subjective worsening, female sex, recent insomnia, and use of acute medication during a headache. An increase in monthly days with any headache was observed in 105/222 patients (47.3\%) and was related to symptoms of post-traumatic stress, older age and living with five or more people.

Conclusions: Approximately half the migraine patients reported worsening of their usual pain during the lockdown. Worse clinical course in migraine patients was related to changes in triggers and the emotional impact of the lockdown.

}, keywords = {COVID-19, Headache, Lockdown, Migraine, SARS-CoV-2}, issn = {1526-4637}, doi = {10.1093/pm/pnaa449}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnaa449}, author = {Gonzalez-Martinez, Alicia and {\'A}lvaro Planchuelo-G{\'o}mez and {\'A}ngel L. Guerrero and Garc{\'\i}a-Azor{\'\i}n, David and Santos-Lasaosa, Sonia and Navarro-P{\'e}rez, Mar{\'\i}a Pilar and Odriozola-Gonz{\'a}lez, Paula and Irurtia, Mar{\'\i}a Jes{\'u}s and Quintas, Sonia and Rodrigo de Luis-Garc{\'\i}a and Ana B Gago-Veiga} } @article {890, title = {Longitudinal evaluation of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 crisis in Spain}, journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders}, volume = {277}, year = {2020}, pages = {842-849}, abstract = {Background: Strict confinement and social distancing measures have been imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in many countries. The aim was to assess the temporal evolution of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 crisis and lockdown from two surveys, separated by one month, performed in Spain. Methods: Symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, and the psychological impact of the situation were longitudinally analyzed using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Impact of Event Scale (IES) respectively. Results: There was a total of 4,724 responses from both surveys. Symptomatic scores of anxiety, depression and stress were exhibited by 37.22\%, 46.42\% and 49.66\% of the second survey respondents, showing a significant increase compared to the first survey (32.45\%, 44.11\% and 37.01\%, respectively). There was no significant longitudinal change of the IES scores, with 48.30\% of the second survey participants showing moderate to severe impact of the confinement. Constant news consumption about COVID-19 was found to be positively associated with symptomatic scores in the different scales, and daily physical activity to be negatively associated with DASS-21 scores. Conclusions: Results indicated a temporal increase of anxiety, depression and stress scores during the COVID-19 lockdown. Factors such as age, consumption of information about COVID-19 and physical activity seem to have an important impact on the evolution of psychological symptoms.}, keywords = {Anxiety, COVID-19, Depression, Longitudinal study, Post-traumatic, Psychological, Stress, Stress disorders}, issn = {0165-0327}, doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.018}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032720327130}, author = {{\'A}lvaro Planchuelo-G{\'o}mez and Odriozola-Gonz{\'a}lez, Paula and Irurtia, Mar{\'\i}a Jes{\'u}s and Rodrigo de Luis-Garc{\'\i}a} }